Assam has taken a landmark step that promises to reshape the future of the Tea Tribe and Adivasi communities. The state Assembly has passed The Assam Fixation of Ceiling on Land Holdings Amendment Bill, 2025, finally granting land ownership rights to over three lakh tea garden workers after more than 200 years of deprivation. With an estimated 14.57 lakh family members set to benefit, this move marks one of the most significant socio-economic reforms in the state’s history.
As per government projections, around 3.33 lakh workers will receive land pattas covering 2.18 lakh bighas within tea estates. To ensure transparency, special committees will be formed in every tea garden to supervise the entire distribution process.
The new law places a 20-year lock-in on the allotted land, preventing its sale during that period. However, workers will be permitted to mortgage the land to obtain bank loans, opening access to formal credit for thousands. Even after the lock-in period, land can only be sold to residents of the same tea estate, keeping these parcels protected under provisions similar to Tribal Belts and Blocks.
Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma has confirmed that patta holders will become eligible for government housing assistance. He also announced that a new housing scheme, dedicated exclusively to tea garden workers, will be launched soon.
On broader land governance, Sarma stated that land surveys in the char areas are progressing under Mission Basundhara, based on BK Sharma Commission recommendations. Muslims settled in char areas before 1951 will be considered for land pattas after survey completion.
This transformative legislation not only addresses a historic injustice but also empowers lakhs of workers with dignity, security, and economic opportunity. With land ownership now within reach, a new chapter begins for communities that have long contributed to Assam’s identity and economy.
